Stockville is the seat of Frontier County, despite being one of the smallest county seats in Nebraska, with a 2020 population of just 25. A post office was established here in 1873, shortly after the county organized in 1872, and the town was chosen as county seat for its central location -- years before any railroad reached the area. Its name, chosen by early settler Samuel Watts, reflects the open-range cattle-ranching economy of the region at founding. When the Burlington Railroad finally arrived in the county in 1886, it bypassed Stockville in favor of Curtis, which grew into a much larger town; Curtis made repeated attempts beginning in the early 1900s to have the county seat moved there, but every attempt failed, and Stockville has remained the seat ever since. The Red Smoke Archeological Site, a prehistoric Native American village site near Stockville dated to roughly 5000-6999 BC, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. Each August, the Frontier County Fair -- informally called the "Stockville World Fair" by locals -- temporarily swells the town's population many times over with a rodeo, demolition derby, dances, and live music.

Stockville's tiny year-round population belies its long-standing role as county seat and its deep local history, from its pre-railroad founding to the nearby archeological site documenting thousands of years of earlier habitation. Its annual county fair remains the one time each year the town's population multiplies many times over.